Abstract:
This paper investigates the impact of Zn ions on the adsorption performance of acid-modified
biochar in removing Pb II ions from wastewater. The adsorption efficiency of biochar in a
single metal ion condition was 99.99% for both Pb and Zn ions. In a multi-ion system, the
adsorption efficiency for Zn ranged from 95% to 100%, whereas for Pb II ions, it was between
88% and 99%. Batch experiments were conducted to assess the influence of pH, contact time,
and dose on the adsorption process. The results demonstrated that metal removal was high with
pH (6.5-7), a contact time of 63 minutes, and a dose of 11-20g. Furthermore, interaction graphs
were created to illustrate the combined effects of key parameters such as pH and dose, pH and
contact time, and dose and contact time. The study concludes that while biochar exhibits
promising potential for Pb (II) ion removal, its effectiveness may be limited in complex water
systems with competing ions. These findings provide critical insights into optimizing biochar
application in wastewater treatment systems for enhanced heavy metal remediation.
