Abstract:
Drug resistant mastitis is on the rise in Uganda especially in the, dairy sector and is becoming a subject of great concern this study was undertaken to establish the antibiotic resistance of mastitis bacteria pathogen isolated from selected farms in Bugangaizi East, Kibaale District. Across sectional study was carried out in the lactating local and exotic breeds in the study area, culture and sensitivity tests were done in the laboratory following the standard laboratory methods using antibiotics which, were found to be commonly used in the area.
The study revealed that staphylococcus (64.7%) were the most frequently isolated organisms followed by coliform (25 Old), streptococcus (7.3%) and the least common was corynebacteria (3%).Penicillin antibiotics were the most common resisted (70.2%), followed by Ampicillin (45.6%), Cloxacilin (39%), Tetracycline (22.8%) and Chloramphenicol (5.3%), Erythromycin (3.5%) and Gentamicin (1.8) were the least resisted. The resistance patterns within selected farms showed the Same distribution with penicillin having the highest resistance in almost all the farms, except one Gentamicin, Erythromycin and chlorampherricol had least resistance in all farms. The results of the ANOVA test gave a p-value of 0.014 this means that prior exposure of animals to antibiotics had an influence on antibiotic resistance since the null hypothesis of no difference between exposed and non-exposed was rejected.
In conclusion, this study found out that prior exposure of animals to antibiotics had an influence on antibiotic resistance, poor milking hygiene, poor environmental hygiene accompanied by poor treatment regime were the most predisposing factors of animals to mastitis. This study also found out that staphylococci were the major causes of mastitis in Bugangaizi East Kibaale District and they are highly resistant to penicillin.
