Assessment of earthing and lightning arrestor performance at Busitema University

Abstract

Earthing means the connection of conductive part of the system with the ground mass to avoid any accident and smooth functioning of the power system. The act of ensuring effective earthing resistance is and optimal lightning arrester performance is critical for the safety and reliability of electrical installations at Busitema University. This project assesses the earthing systems and lightning protection measures across university structures to evaluate their compliance with international standards (IEEE, IEC) and their effectiveness in mitigating electrical faults and lightning strikes. Field measurement of earth resistance were conducted using the Fall of Potential method, while lightning arrester performance was analyzed through visual inspections, continuity tests and surge protection efficiency evaluations. The findings revealed variations in earthing resistance values across different sites, with some exceeding recommended thresholds, indicating potential safety risks. Lightning arrester were generally functional and some were damaged which requires maintenance to ensure long term reliability. Recommendations were developed which included; improving soil conductivity, upgrading earthing electrodes and implementing routine maintenance schedule for lightning protection systems.