Design and implementation of a wearable device for early detection, monitoring, and alerting of asthma attacks

Abstract

Asthma remains a major global health concern, particularly in low-income regions where access to timely monitoring and management tools is limited. This project presents the design and development of an intelligent IoT-based wearable device aimed at the early detection, real-time monitoring, and alerting of asthma attacks. The system continuously tracks vital health parameters including heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO₂), and body temperature, along with environmental factors such as humidity and ambient temperature, which are known asthma triggers. Using a combination of sensors integrated with an Arduino Uno microcontroller, the device processes sensor data to detect abnormal conditions and immediately notifies users and caregivers through local alerts (buzzer and LED) and remote SMS communication via a SMS API module. Additionally, a Cloud computing is incorporated to log health data for future medical analysis. The integration of IoT technology ensures seamless data transmission and enhances the ability to respond quickly to asthma risks. The system was evaluated through unit, integration, and system testing, confirming its effectiveness in providing real-time health monitoring, early detection of asthma symptoms, and timely emergency alerts, thus improving overall asthma management and patient outcomes