Design of smart rain water harvesting control and treatment system for safe drinking water

Abstract

Water scarcity and contamination pose significant challenges to sustainable development, necessitating innovative solutions for efficient water management. This project focuses on the design of a smart rainwater harvesting, control, and treatment system, incorporating real-time monitoring and thermal treatment. A review of existing technologies highlights the effectiveness of sensor-based automation, thermal sterilization, and filtration in improving water quality. The system is developed using water level and quality sensors, an Arduino Mega microcontroller, heating elements, and a filtration unit, with data displayed on an LCD and logged for analysis. The methodology involves testing the system’s response to varying water quality parameters, with temperature thresholds optimized for microbial elimination. Results demonstrate a significant improvement in water purity post-treatment, with efficiency exceeding 80% in most trials. The economic analysis confirms the system's feasibility, with a projected payback period of less than four years. This solution presents a scalable and cost effective approach to enhancing water security in urban and rural environments.