Mitigating the impact of pit latrines on groundwater quality:

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of pit latrines on groundwater quality in areas reliant on this resource for drinking water. It employed a mixed-method approach, combining hydrogeological and sanitation engineering principles. The primary concern addressed was the potential pollution of groundwater sources by fecal matter originating from pit latrines. This contamination posed a significant health risk due to the presence of pathogens in human waste. The main objective was to develop a comprehensive understanding of this issue and propose effective mitigation strategies. The specific objectives were threefold; to characterize groundwater within Busitema sub county, to develop a pollutant tracking model to predict the movement of fecal matter into groundwater and to evaluate existing mitigation strategies for their effectiveness in reducing fecal matter contamination in groundwater. The study employed a combination of methods. Groundwater characterization involved physicochemical and microbiological analysis of water samples. Pollutant tracking involved the development and application of a numerical model. Finally, existing mitigation strategies, such as pit latrine siting regulations and lining materials, were evaluated through literature review and potentially field studies. The key findings of the study were expected to include the development of a predictive model for contaminant movement, and a critical evaluation of existing mitigation strategies. These findings would lead to crucial conclusions on the best practices for minimizing the impact of pit latrines on groundwater quality. Based on these conclusions, the study would propose specific recommendations for improved sanitation infrastructure design, siting regulations, and potential novel mitigation techniques. This research would contribute significantly to safeguarding public health by providing valuable insights for communities and policymakers working to ensure safe drinking water supplies.